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Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone
Zemánková, Kateřina ; Brechler, Josef (advisor) ; Bednář, Jan (referee) ; Braniš, Martin (referee)
Title of dissertation: Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone Kateřina Zemánková, 2010 Dissertation directed by: doc. RNDr. Josef Brechler, CSc. Dept. of Meteorology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Presented work focuses on influence of volatile organic compounds from biogenic sources on concentration of tropospheric ozone. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) play an important role in the tropospheric chemical system. Together with oxides of nitrogen they form two major components of reactions leading to low-level ozone formation. Volatile organic compounds are emitted into the atmosphere from an- thropogenic as well as from biogenic sources. In global, VOCs from natural sources are approximately ten times higher in magnitude than those of anthropogenic origin. Biogenic VOCs are emitted from various sources among which the forest ecosystems predominate. Group of VOCs of natural origin comprises wide range of chemical com- pounds. Those emitted in highest concentrations are isoprene and group of monoter- penes. Emissions of biogenic VOCs from the area of the Czech Republic have been es- timated based on the high resolution land cover data giving detailed information of sigle tree species...
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Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone
Zemánková, Kateřina
Title of dissertation: Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone Kateřina Zemánková, 2010 Dissertation directed by: doc. RNDr. Josef Brechler, CSc. Dept. of Meteorology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Presented work focuses on influence of volatile organic compounds from biogenic sources on concentration of tropospheric ozone. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) play an important role in the tropospheric chemical system. Together with oxides of nitrogen they form two major components of reactions leading to low-level ozone formation. Volatile organic compounds are emitted into the atmosphere from an- thropogenic as well as from biogenic sources. In global, VOCs from natural sources are approximately ten times higher in magnitude than those of anthropogenic origin. Biogenic VOCs are emitted from various sources among which the forest ecosystems predominate. Group of VOCs of natural origin comprises wide range of chemical com- pounds. Those emitted in highest concentrations are isoprene and group of monoter- penes. Emissions of biogenic VOCs from the area of the Czech Republic have been es- timated based on the high resolution land cover data giving detailed information of sigle tree species...
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Prediction of mean hourly values of surface ozone concentrations from passive sampler measurements
Sinkulová, Michaela ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Zíková, Naděžda (referee)
In terms of air pollution, ground-level ozone is according to current knowledge, contributes the most to damage to ecosystems. To calculate the key indicators of potential damage to ecosystems, such as the exposure index AOT40 and stomatal flux, it is important to know the hourly ozone concentrations, which are the input data for both calculations. For the measurement of O3 air pollution concentrations for the purposes of environmental studies, continuous measurement is not used, but measurement by passive (diffusion) dosimeters, which are exposed for a longer period (usually 1 week-1 month) and thus indicate the average concentration for the relevant longer period. The aim of this diploma thesis is the prediction of hourly concentrations of ground-level ozone from measurements by diffusive samplers, which took place in the period 2006-2010 in Jizerské hory mountains. Monitoring always took place for 2 weeks during the vegetation seasons (April-October) at localities and at various altitudes (714 m above sea level - 1,000 m above sea level). Ogawa diffusive samplers were used. From these average and meteorological concentrations, hourly values of ground-level ozone concentrations were calculated according to the model from professional study and these were compared with measurements from an...
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Surface ozone as a factor of oxidative stress in mountain forests.
Bendáková, Hana ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Matoušková, Leona (referee)
This study presents mountain forest Norway spruce (Picea abies) injured by surface ozone and oxidative stress. Norway spruce is not a sensitive species but it is the most representative tree in our country and this is the reason to pay attention on its injury. Study was connected to the ozone measurement by CHMI in Jizerske mountains. Aim of our study was to find influence of surface ozone on the forest and show correlation between ozone concentrations, altitude and Norway spruce injury. Ozone concentrations are growing with the altitude. Increasing percentage of injury with growing concentrations and altitude was expected. Needles were collected at the altitude 750-1100 meters. Collected needle years were 2006, 2007 and 2009. The 2009 year was not evaluated because no symptoms were found. Injury was observed on the maroscopical, microscopical and biochemical level. Visual injury was assessed by percentage of injured needle surface by chlorosis and necrosis. Microscopical analysis studied injury on cross and longitudinal sections of needles. On the longitudinal sections were visible typically bone-cells. These cells have lost its shape by ozone stress and were narrowed in its width. Bone-cells were best visible near the stomata. Four symptoms were observed on the cross sections: tannin...
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Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone
Zemánková, Kateřina
Title of dissertation: Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone Kateřina Zemánková, 2010 Dissertation directed by: doc. RNDr. Josef Brechler, CSc. Dept. of Meteorology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Presented work focuses on influence of volatile organic compounds from biogenic sources on concentration of tropospheric ozone. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) play an important role in the tropospheric chemical system. Together with oxides of nitrogen they form two major components of reactions leading to low-level ozone formation. Volatile organic compounds are emitted into the atmosphere from an- thropogenic as well as from biogenic sources. In global, VOCs from natural sources are approximately ten times higher in magnitude than those of anthropogenic origin. Biogenic VOCs are emitted from various sources among which the forest ecosystems predominate. Group of VOCs of natural origin comprises wide range of chemical com- pounds. Those emitted in highest concentrations are isoprene and group of monoter- penes. Emissions of biogenic VOCs from the area of the Czech Republic have been es- timated based on the high resolution land cover data giving detailed information of sigle tree species...
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Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone
Zemánková, Kateřina ; Brechler, Josef (advisor) ; Bednář, Jan (referee) ; Braniš, Martin (referee)
Title of dissertation: Study of links between biogenic VOC emissions and concentration of tropospheric ozone Kateřina Zemánková, 2010 Dissertation directed by: doc. RNDr. Josef Brechler, CSc. Dept. of Meteorology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Presented work focuses on influence of volatile organic compounds from biogenic sources on concentration of tropospheric ozone. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) play an important role in the tropospheric chemical system. Together with oxides of nitrogen they form two major components of reactions leading to low-level ozone formation. Volatile organic compounds are emitted into the atmosphere from an- thropogenic as well as from biogenic sources. In global, VOCs from natural sources are approximately ten times higher in magnitude than those of anthropogenic origin. Biogenic VOCs are emitted from various sources among which the forest ecosystems predominate. Group of VOCs of natural origin comprises wide range of chemical com- pounds. Those emitted in highest concentrations are isoprene and group of monoter- penes. Emissions of biogenic VOCs from the area of the Czech Republic have been es- timated based on the high resolution land cover data giving detailed information of sigle tree species...
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